There are over 5 million results in google for the keyword “prevent wordpress hack“. Everyone has their own opinion and I dont think all of these posts are updated frequently. It’s been a while I have posted here. If you have been following me on my twitter then you should know what I have been up to. First, here are few things you should know- I have made several changes to this blog.
Recently, some of my blogs were hacked. It was funny how the index file had an image of a smurf showing the middle finger with a text saying “where’s your security?” I was glad the hacker left his email address so I could thank him for mocking the security of my blogs and so, I did. The amazing part- This guy didn’t even touch the database; he didn’t even inject any shit virus. I felt it was weird but after checking out each files, I found they were all clean.
I was so involved in other projects that I didn’t pay much attention to security which is actually the most important thing here. If this dude didn’t breach my security, I wouldn’t have known it was vulnerable and hence wouldn’t have bothered to take action. Whatever it is, I have sent him a “Thank You” Note 
I have removed some shitty plugins, transferred to HostGator, tweaked codes and more…Today, I have decided to write a post on how I did what I did- that is, strengthen the security of my blog to keep off hackers and all creepy people. I will have a video tutorial created for this later this month but for now, check this out. Some basic tweaks can help protect all your hard earned content. Check out the following tips to prevent wordpress hack.
1. Backup
This is the first step and the most important. Before you plan on making any changes, make sure you backup your entire DB. You can do this manually or use an available plugin. I recommend backup buddy which backs up your entire wordpress blog. Unlike free plugins which only backup your database, backup buddy exports your entire database with images, files and whatever you have in your blog’s content folder- Pretty sweeet!
2. Update Wordpress Version
Second crucial step after backing up your blog is to update it to the latest version. You should always make sure that your blog’s version is up to date. WordPress team creates patches to help fix security holes. Follow wordpress feed to find out about the latest updates or you could simply login to your admin.
I would also recommend that you follow WordPress Development and BlogSecurity as they will inform you whenever a new patch/fix is released.
3. Change your Login/Password
The default wordpress login is “admin” and most hackers know that. We should change this to something else that would be difficult to guess. Something like “rogers12” or “donhoe2” is good examples. The best thing to do is delete the default admin and create a new custom login.
I suggest that you use strong passwords which include upper/lower keys, numbers and symbols. Something like “rockSTAR19!@” or “Anabel2@!” is a great example of a strong password.
Most hackers try to brute force the password so if your password is really strong as I mentioned earlier, you should be fine.
4. Wordpress keys in wp-config.php
I didn’t know much about wordpress keys but it is another important security measure. These keys work as salts for WordPress cookies thus, ensuring better encryption of user data.
Use the WordPress Key Generator to generate these keys. Now open up your wp-config.php, find the lines that look like below and simply replace with the generated ones:
define(‘AUTH_KEY’, ‘put your unique phrase here’);
define(‘SECURE_AUTH_KEY’, ‘put your unique phrase here’);
define(‘LOGGED_IN_KEY’, ‘put your unique phrase here’);
define(‘NONCE_KEY’, ‘put your unique phrase here’);
Save and you are done!
5. Install Wp Security scan
This plugin is the real deal. It’s simple and automates stuff. It will scan your wordpress blog for vulnerabilities and inform you if it finds any malicious codes etc. If the texts are in green in the admin panel then you should be good. However, they will not just be green; sometimes you have to make them
6. Change Table Prefix
The default table prefix for wordpress is wp_ . I know that, you know it and I am sure the hacker does too. SQL Injection attacks are easier with the default table prefix because it is easier to guess. A good prefix would be “mashjg23_” or “sasdoe265_”. Changing your database table prefix is highly recommended and you can do this in two ways. The manual way requires some work and is not suitable for newbie; here’s when WP Security Scan Plugin makes your work much easier. It has a tab called “Database”. Once you are in it, you have the option to rename your entire table prefix to something that is tough to guess. Do this and you will be a step closer to strengthening your blog’s security.
7. Block Search Engine Spiders
Search engine spiders crawl over your entire blog and index every content unless they are told not to do so. We do not want to index the admin section as it contains all the sensitive information. The easiest way to prevent the crawlers from indexing the admin directory, is to create a robots.txt file in your root directory. Then place the following code in the file:
#
User-agent: *
Disallow: /cgi-bin
Disallow: /wp-admin
Disallow: /wp-includes
Disallow: /wp-content/plugins/
Disallow: /wp-content/cache/
Disallow: /wp-content/themes/
Disallow: */trackback/
Disallow: */feed/
Disallow: /*/feed/rss/$
Disallow: /category/*
8. htaccess hacks
.htaccess (hypertext access) is the default name of directory-level configuration files that allow for decentralized management of configuration when placed inside the web tree. .htaccess files are often used to specify the security restrictions for the particular directory. This is not an exact tip that falls under the list but you should know about .htaccess because you can do a lot with it to prevent wordpress hack. I am not going to get in depth for this term but I found out some sweet .htaccess hacks which can tighten your wordpress security.
9. Protect your htaccess
After tweaking your .htaccess to protect your blog from hackers, you cannot simply leave the .htaccess open itself to attacks. The hack below prevents external access to any file with .hta . Simply place the code in your domain’s root .htaccess file.
# STRONG HTACCESS PROTECTIONorder allow,deny
deny from all
satisfy all
10. No Directory Browsing
Its not a good idea to allow your visitors to browse through your entire directory. This is an easy way to find out about directory structures and this makes it easier for hackers to lookout for security holes.
In order to stop this, simply add the piece of 2 lines in your .htaccess in the root directory of your WordPress blog.
# disable directory browsing
Options All -Indexes
11. Secure wp-config.php
Wp-config.php is important because it contains all the sensitive data and configuration of your blog and therefore we must secure it through .htaccess. Simply adding the code below to the .htaccess file in the root directory can do the trick
# protect wp-config.php
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
The code denies access to the wp-config.php file to everyone
12. Limit access to wp content directory
Wp-content contains everything. This is a very important folder and you should secure it. You don’t want users to browse and get access to unwanted/other data. Users should be only able to view and access certain file types like images (jpg, gif, png), Javascript, css and XML.
Place the code below in the .htaccess file within the wp-content folder (not the root).
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from all
13. Protect wp-admin files
Wp-admin should be accessed only by you and your fellow bloggers (if any). You may use .htaccess to restrict access and allow only specific IP addresses to this directory.
If you have static IP address and you always blog from your computer, then this can be a good option for you. However, if you run a multiple user blog then either you can opt out from this or you can allow access from a range of IPs. You can refer to Apache’s documentation on mod_access for complete instruction on how to set this up.
Copy and paste the code below to the .htaccess in wp-admin folder (not root folder)
# deny access to wp admin
order deny,allow
allow from xx.xx.xx.xx # This is your static IP
deny from all
The above code will prevent browser access to any file in these directories other than “xx.xx.xx.xx” which should be your static IP address.
There is another way you could restrict access to the directory and that is by using a password in the .htaccess. I am planning to write a detailed .htacess hack where I will include all of these.
14. Prevent script injection
I found this code on wprecipes and it works like a charm. Now you can protect your WordPress blog from script injection, and unwanted modification of _REQUEST and/or GLOBALS.
Simple copy and paste the code below to your .htaccess in the root
# protect from sql injection
Options +FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (\<|%3C).*script.*(\>|%3E) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} GLOBALS(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2}) [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} _REQUEST(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2})
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php [F,L]
Take a note at the files permission. Wp Security scan shows this in a nice way. Browse the specific files on your root using your favorite ftp client and Chmod the files if required.
Last but not the least; you can install WordPress Firewall 2 which actually protects your blog from malicious hackers. It blocks the attempts of the hacker and notifies you when abused. Only the negative point of this plug-in is, it sometimes even blocks our action. This can really get annoying and I do not really recommend this plug-in unless you have SUPER Hackers and bots screwing up your blog. Stick with the .htaccess hacks since they do the job pretty well and your blog should be just fine.
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